









e /tv 



&• %..a c i'jQkk. °*,^* t&&. V_« 



* A ^<> * • . o ° .«, v "-^. * « , i 











<W 



IV ^ 










^ 4> * 













<t>. <? 




Lib 



Revised Edition, 

to i 00.000 copies will be issued, 



20,000 (opies of Hie old 
edition in circulation. 



AN APPEAL 



&>257 



KROM iih: 



SOUTHERN STATES 



TO THE 




Northern, Eastern and Western States 



OF THE 



UNITED STATES. 



AND TO THE CIVILIZED WORLD. 



THE SOUTHERN STATES: 



Their Wonderful Resources and their Peculiar Advantages. 



-BY 



DONOHO, JO£::fc : $9>i:;;:. 

MEMPHIS, TENN. 



u r, ,-^r-' 



) 



HS^Please read and hand to your friend.^^gr 



MEMPHIS, TENN.: 

SOUTHWESTERN PUBLISHING COMPANY, 361 MAIN STRKET 

1870. 



e 



&■> 



,v 



AN APPEAL 



FROM THE 



SOUTHERN TO THE NORTHERN STATES 

OF THE 

UNITED STATES, AND TO THE CIVILIZED WORLD. 



THE SOUTHERN STATES — THEIR WONDERFUL RESOURCES AND THEIR 
PECULIAR ADVANTAGES. 

The native and old resident population of the Southern States 
of these United States are at last truly awakening to the import- 
ance and advantages of a greatly enlarged acquisition to their 
population and capital. They are well aware of the rare and accu- 
mulated wealth of the natural resources of the country, and 
have well calculated the magnificent results which must surely 
follow in the wake of the skillful application of capital, manipu- 
lated by an additional twenty to thirty millions of experienced and 
enterprising people from the New England, Middle and Western 
States, as well as from Canada and Europe ; and there prevails 
among them an earnest desire and a spirit of determination to use 
every available and honorable means to draw to the South all and 
every influence conducive to the highest development of the im- 
mense resources of the country — indeed sufficient for the suste- 
nance and enrichment of at least fifty millions of additional popula- 
tion ! 

THE WAR OF 1861-65 BETWEEN THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN STATES. 

The disastrous results to the South of the recent civil war, so 
impoverished and impaired their whole planting and industrial in- 
terests, that even the most skillful and fearless husbandman scarcely 
ventured the hope of escape from the debris of what, at its close, 
appeared to be a complete shipwreck. 

CONTRAST BEFORE AND AFTER THE WAR. 

Contrasting, then, the beautiful prospect that spread on every 
hand but a few short years prior to, with its changed and marred 
aspect at the close of the terrible war; and there presented all over 
the South one great, bleak and unbroken cloud, covering the whole 
heavens above ; and all beneath but "ashes and a ruined waste" of 



2 An Appeal from the 

homes, fortunes and hopes, and a despair that weighed down the 
very spirit and paralyzed the hand even of him whose heart had 
never quailed, nor steady hand failed of gallant deeds amid the 
fiercest conflicts of battling armies ; and truly were the surroundings 
well calculated to have the effect, either of giving up and bidding 
adieu to "native heath " for other climes and homes, or of arousing 
every energy for the reparation of the reigning desolation and 
ruin. 

Fortunately, the latter and wiser conclusion prevailed. The 
necessity of the occasion required — yea, imperatively demanded — 
the boldest and most persistent action ; that action brought propor- 
tional confidence and relief. 

"AGRICULTURAL RECONSTRUCTION " AND COMMERCIAL INDEPENDENCE- 

The experience and self-reliance thus acquired, are already af- 
fording a foretaste of that great millenium of "Agricultural Recon- 
struction," and coloring up the faint outlines of a " Commercial Inde- 
pendence" which for true splendor and substantial worth, will, ere 
long, stand unrivaled in the past history of the world; and whose 
fame will be as enduring as the everlasting hills and valleys of the 
" Sunny South." 

WEALTH AND LIBERALITY OF SOUTHERN PLANTERS BEFORE THE WAR. 

Previous to the war, wealth sprang like magic from the ground, 
at the gentlest and most careless touch of the Southern planter, and 
this wealth which he commanded at the beck of his wand, was lav- 
ished with a liberality and generosity equaled only by the gener- 
ous soil and climate yielding such munificent rewards to capital and 
labor, 

THE POVERTY AND EMBARASSMENTS AFTER TnE WAR. 

At the close of the war, but little — aye, literally nothing, of 
their former wealth remained, except their lands, and these an 
absolute burden, deprived as they were of the requisite labor and 
means for their cultivation ; the negro having been by the stronger 
arm of the North emancipated from slavery, and converted into a 
"freedman" of utter demoralization,inefficiency and unreliability as 
a laborer, and no immediate opportunity or early prospect of sup- 
plying this deficiency, together with that complete devastation of 
the planting districts, and the destruction by the invading army 
of the Southern planters' entire working and available capital, as 
well as the basis and source of his facilities of money and credit, 
left him, indeed, who in former years was a "wealthy planter," 
now a "pauper landholder," unable to command from his wide but 
dilapidated domain, a sufficient income to meet current expenses, 
even of the most frugal order. 

LANDS AND NEGROES. 

"Lands and negroes to make cotton and sugar, and cotton and 
sugar to extend the areage of his domain and increase the number 
of "his laborers," was his former policy. His present condition com- 



Southern to the Northern States. 3 

pels the reduction of his land estate into many smaller ones, to he 
disposed of by sale, lease or rent. 

MERCHANT AND BANKER. 

The Sonth did not manufacture, nor mine, nor divert any con- 
siderable portion of their entire capital and labor from the pursuits 
of planting cotton and other Southern crops ; the agricultural 
interests were the foundation of sustenance of the merchant and 
banker, and just in proportion as the planter prospered, so did the 
merchant and banker prosper, and all other branches of business 
accordingly. The foundation having given away, of course the 
whole superstructure fell. 

The Southern planter was really the only producer, the mer- 
chant was the agent for supplying his larder and his wardrobe, 
advancing his plantation supplies, disposing of his crops, keeping 
his accounts, negotiating, insuring, transporting, importing, 
exporting, etc., and the banker received the deposits and paid out 
through the merchant the proceeds of the planters' crops ; the 
merchant, but the " bridge" between the " Southern planters' field'' 
and the "banker's vault," the channel of succor, supply and con- 
venience to the planter on one hand, and of the prompt payment 
and ultimate security to the banker of all negotiations or other 
maturities bearing the merchant's indorsement for the benefit of 
the planter. This much to explain to those unacquainted with the 
customs of the South, and to show them how much all other pur- 
suits in the South are dependent first upon the planter — the only 
PEODTJCEE — and what mutual dependence and interest exists 
between the planter, merchant and banker ; and we hope thus to 
bring you to understand and more fully appreciate the true con- 
dition, pecuniarilly, of the South at the close of the war, and the 
grand results which have already been accomplished, and what 
promises to be done for the future, by a people of indomitable pluck 
and bitsiness sagacity, who have been awakened to a new life and 
high purposes, by the stern logic of events of the past few years. 

Poverty was the rule, with an occasional exception only here 
and there, for there were some whose ruling passion — " the love of 
money" — prevailed in the hour of the "death struggle " of the 
South, and who exercised the largest latitude admissible by the 
"power that then and there reigned," in following the parting ad- 
vice given by the father to his son, " my son, get money ; get 
money, my son, honestly if }-ou can ; my son get "MONEY at \tll 
hazards!" 

This class, together with the multitude of those who still 
hovered over the carcass, and by dint of whose " official position 
and acts " they had often, and still did secure short, smooth and well 
paved paths to "greenbacks" and "spoils," were not those to 
whom communities and States of distressed, embarrassed and 
bankrupted people could look for the devisement and execution of 
measures promotive of individual amelioration or the public wel- 



4 An Appeal from the 

fare ; and such as would naturally impress and prompt to action, 
the noble, generous and philanthropic hearted man. While such 
vampires did fatten and swell into the most uncomely and disgust- 
ing proportions of " shoddy- snobbies " in their riotous gluttony of 
"blood- treasuries," thank God there was, and there still exists, an 
army of noble men, although "purseless," "scripless," "bondless," 
whose hearts and brains are pledged to the emergency, and whose 
daily desires and efforts are given to the good work of relieving 
the distressed ; mollifying and healing old wounds ; encouraging 
the discouraged ; infusing life into the paralyzed arteries of trade ; 
projecting and prosecuting enterprises, and laying broad and firm 
the foundations for their own, their children's, their neighbors' and 
their country's prosperity and permanent welfare, and for which 
future generations shall rise up and praise them. 

The merchant, as we have before stated, who is the medium 
between the planter in all the details of " cotton culture" to " cot- 
ton market," came with all his heart to the rescue, and to the 
utmost of his limited ability and credit, to the succor and sus- 
tenance of the planter, and by calling to his aid the banker, with 
a bold nerve and an unfaltering faith, advanced the required means 
to secure the teams, implements, subsistence and labor for the 
cultivation and preparation of the crop for the market. Never did 
people enter upon the perilous future of business under greater 
discouragements and with so little hope of success, as did the 
planters and merchants of the South in 1865-66, and followed 
with such dogged perseverance through the calamitous '67 to the 
crowning success of 1868-69. Four years of war and desolation, 
succeeded by four years of destitution and threatening starvation, 
and then that day dawn peeped above the line of our horizon and 
soon succeeded by the rising sun, dispelling the long and weary 
night of Egyptian darkness and now swiftly mounting to the 
zenith of its glory. 

THE PLANTERS' DIFFICULTIES IN 1865-6. 

The death-struggle for the two years, immediately succeeding 
the war, of every man, with the " savage wolf at his door ;" the terror- 
ism and constant interference of the military, still retained over them 
long after the surrender of arms; the distracting and demoralizing 
influences exerted upon the colored laborers by the operations of 
the Freedmen's Bureau, and the suicidal policy of the Government 
at Washington City, in levying that most onerous " special tax " of 
three cents per pound upon the Southern planters' cotton, rather than 
to have extended her fostering care, and, by every means in her 
power, to have aided and encouraged the cultivation of cotton and 
other Southern products, so vitally essential to her finance and com- 
merce — yea, to her very existence! — all, all these, and almost every 
other difficulty, were encountered with manly courage ; and in 
overcoming these mountains of obstacles, besetting them at every 
step, it so engrossed their thoughts, and hearts, and hands, as to 



Southern to the Northern States. 5 

leave no time to devote to the miserable "political mountebanks" 
Avho so clamored for "posts of honor," with loud professions of _ 
"immaculate loyalty," and with a zeal quite commendable in nobler 
pursuits, and whose vile practices, under the cloak of "official posi- 
tion," would have put to blush the savage, and whose rapacity and 
" Bedouinism " ought to have consigned them to the worst infamy. 

They had succumbed to superior power, in the sanguinary con- 
flict of arms with the North ; they regarded the surrender of arms 
in April, 1865, equivalent to a declaration of peace; they " accepted 
the situation" in good faith, and returned to their respective homes 
and vocations, weary and sick of the long and bloody strife, with 
the hope of restoring their lost fortunes and homes, sincerely de- 
siring — yea, craving — peace, and an abiding peace. 

Overwhelmed and defeated — their armies fearfully decimated — 
their resources exhausted and their finances bankrupted, how ex- 
tremely ridiculous to them appeared the constant apprehensiveness 
manifested in many quarters of the Northern States, of another 
"rebellion" in the South!! Never did the overwrought and ex- 
hausted physical energies of man more earnestly crave the couch 
of repose than has the South the benefaction of some great deliv- 
erer, at whose command of "Peace, be still!" the great upheavals 
of the political flood should at once assuage, and an "Ararat" be 
found as a resting place for the "old ship of State," out of which 
may yet come forth a remnant of the "incorruptible," for the res- 
toration and perpetuity of enlightened government and constitu- 
tional liberty, in all that simplicity and justice designed by tl e 
original founders ! 

the necessity of peace south. 

They who had but just emerged from the fiery ordeal of war 
and defeat ; they who had felt the keen edge of the sword and the 
consuming fire, and who had been called to endure the terrible ex- 
perience of its sufferings and horrors ; they who had been brought 
to the fullest and direst realization of a war which swept away not 
only the comforts and luxuries of accumulated years, but likewise 
their veiy substance and subsistence, their hearths and homes, their 
altars and graves — that desolation of spirit, and despair, which 
well-nigh weighed down and overwhelmed the stoutest hearts; and 
the abject poverty and destitution which reigned throughout all 
their borders — without money and without credit or friends upon 
whom to lean for relief in this season of their keen distress and pe- 
cuuiary embarrassments, did as certainly divest them of all former 
spirit of warfare, as it did of the means for the further prosecu- 
tion or renewal of the war ; and this ought to have been apparent 
to the reflective minds of the North, and to have fortified them 
against the exaggerated statements and villainous perversions, fab- 
ricated and industriously circulated by the designing and malicious, 
for political or other purposes, totally regardless of the means, if they 
but subserved their individual or "party purposes." 






An Appeal from the 



WHO PREVENTED PEACE AND GOOD ORDER, AND WHY. 

These. were they — natives of both the North and the South, and 
who, in a majority of instances, were seldom "in front," except in 
retreats — "camp-followers," and "spoil- vultures" — and whose oc- 
cupation is gone, whenever the "smoke of w 7 ar" has cleared away, 
and "honest daylight" discovers to the good and brave, the gal- 
lant soldier and true patriot, their cowardly and villainous "raids " 
upon the Treasury and upon the people for "plunder and spoils," 
irrespective of friends or foes, sex, color or age. 

These are they, and NOT the great masses of the honest-hearted, 
thinking and substantial men. whether of the North or South — 
THESE, we say, are they, who would suffocate in an atmosphere of 
Strife, and who can live and thrive only in the midst of agitation, 
strife, war! 

MILITARY — MILITIA KU-KLUX. 

THESE are they, who will not that peace-makers and peace- 
measures should prevail throughout the whole land- — North, 
South, East and West — they who will not that "old feuds " be for- 
gotten ; the tomahawk buried ; the " sword sheathed ;" and that 
every man, without let or hindrance, be permitted to enjoy the 
fullest measure of AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP ; and that all may 
dwell together in the utmost harmony, each in quiet, ".under his 
owm vine and fig tree ; " but rather prefer and do exact the most 
selfish and vicious influences to provoke discord and strife, and to 
reduce the "subjugated and disarmed" to "military despotism," 
or subject the quiet pursuits of the rural districts, towns and vil- 
lages to the disturbances and depredations of the " bloody and pa- 
triotic militia ; " or, the still more contemptible and cowardly villain- 
ies and atrocities committed upon any and all, regardless of nativity, 
sex or color, under cover of that so-called " Ku-Klux," whose devil- 
ish deeds of darkness were often perpetrated by these identical 
THEYS, and then heralded in emblazoned print in Northern jour- 
nals, over the signature of some " reliable correspondent," as the 
deeds of Southern men — "Rebels," in the parlance of the "recent 
unpleasantness ! ! ! " 

CHARACTER of the PASSPORT IN THE south. 

When will the North lift the veil and distinguish between the 
cowardly rascality of such "a horde of thieves" as the war, like a 
flood tide, cast upon the South, and that of the sterling integrity 
and well tried characters of the hundreds of thousands of Southern 
men, whose assurances of facts or denial of falsehoods have never 
before, nor on any other matters, been questioned for a moment? The 
South judges no man by the standard of nativity, politics or religion, 
but they "do hold him to account and classify him according to his 
true character and acts, and against these will they most un- 
swervingly place the credit and debit as they may determine, and 
his social status and currency, thus stamped and established — royal 
blood, nor gold, nor cattle upon a thousand hills will buy a " social 



Southern to the Northern States. 7 

passport" into the circles of those whose only and true standard is 
good character. With this no man, who desires and cultivates 
it, will be denied, or obstructed in the least, the best society. 

Excuse this digi'ession, and return to the drift of our work. 

The "Eebs" gracefully yielded to the decision of the sword and 
returned to those pursuits promising the earliest restoration and 
reparation of home, fortune and country, and an utter forgetfuln ess 
in spirit of the bitter past. 

ALL PURPOSE OR SPIRIT OF WAR " SQUELCHED OUT." 

The truth is, dear reader, that considerations of the sternest 
necessity — positive nakedness and threatened starvation ; the barn 
grainless ; the larder meatless ; the wardrobe shirtless ; the farm 
fenceless ; the homestead swept ; the cattle and swine long since 
consigned to the "tender mercies" of the "impressing agent" of 
the " army commissariat ;" the last " team and wagon wheel" un - 
der the supervision of the abominable but necessary evil, the " quar- 
termaster," had been abandoned in the "last ditch" of the "Lost 
Cause ; " and their last " bond " and " greyback " had, in the twink- 
ling of an eye, suffered a "shrinkage" of one hundred per cent., 
" more or less — were truly incentives of such magnitude and compul- 
sion as to utterly forbid the purpose or even the desire to further 
prosecute a war against such fearfully increasing odds of men and 
means, and certainly most highly calculated to bring into the most 
vio-orous and incessant exercise their whole talents and mus- 
cles ; and bravely did they battle for adrantages with which their 
labors are now (1869) being so richly rewarded. And these advan- 
tages and results, gained at such cost, are but the earnests — " the 
be«"iuning of the end" — the foundation stones of a great future ! " 

THE SOUTH LEARNS VALUABLE LESSONS. 

The people of the South have derived from such straights and 
bitter experience the valuable lessons which they had never before 
practically learned, of rigid frugality and self-reliance, and have 
discovered that the road to TKUE independence, vigorous health 
and solid prosperity is based upon the largest development and the 
wisest and broadest use of the power that has heretofore laid dormant 
in the munificent and princely resources with which nature has 
endowed the "Sunny South." The Plow, the Anvil, the Loom, the 
watchwords, now passed from the waning father to the rising son! 
They are learning that bread is sweeter when planted, garnered and 
kneaded with their own hands ; that money earned by the " sweat 
of their own brows" is more valuable and expended with more 
judgment and economy ; that the daughters now have ruddier 
cheeks, and the sons more muscle and vim, acquired by the physical 
exercises incident to their new and changed circumstances and the 
abolition of their former slave- labor system. 

THE WAR ONLY COULD HAVE DESTROYED SLAVERY — THE SOUTH NOW 
RADICALLY AN TI- SLAVERY. 

Nothing short of the war, which did "wipe out" slavery, could, 



8 An Appeal from the 

have accomplished so completely its destruction ; nothing other 
would have so utterly and finally settled this vexed question of 
slavery, but just such a thorough depletion of the "hot blood" of both 
sections of the country ; and nothing but this utter destruction of 
slavery and the consequent experience, begotton during the four suc- 
ceeding years, would have brought to the Southern mind that 
thorough conviction which now possesses it of the impolicy and 
miserably bad economy of " slave labor." 

THE "RIGHT" TO SLAVES. 

The "right" to own slaves did they ever or do they now ques- 
tion ; neither is that of present importance. They understood the 
Federal Constitution to recognize and guarantee the " right of 
property" in that slave who had been for a long series of years' 
introduced, held and transmitted -by the members of the Northern 
household, either b}^ inheritance or for valuable considerations, to 
the members of the Southern household ; and therefore was the 
South most reluctant to ignore that "right" and to relinquish 
without an equivalent or a struggle claims upon "property" hon- 
estly acquired, and that, too, originally from those who had first 
introduced and instituted it, and afterward transferred "this right 
of property" for fair and valuable considerations, and at such time 
only when it had ceased to be profitable to themselves. 

THE DECREE OP THE " STERN ARBITER." 

The sword has made a final settlement of these questions, and 
we trust they may remain just as that stern arbiter hath decreed 
until "Gabriel's judgment trump." 

THE HAND OF PROVIDENCE — UNMEASURED BUT UNDESERVED BLESSING. 

The "day is breaking." The former "slaveholders" of the South 
are not only utterly unwilling to have them in their bondage again, 
under any circumstances whatever, but are prepared to thank God 
with all their hearts — severe as was that ordeal through which He 
caused them to pass ; deep as may have been the waters of affliction 
through which He may have led them ; terrible as may have been 
the instrumentalities employed — that good! GOOD! as unexpected 
and unasked as it is unmeasured and undeserved, has fallen to their lot. 

"CHINESE WALL." 

The South, with slavery, was comparatively isolated from the 
world. "Slavery" was a "Chinese wall," emphatically excluding 
all others from domicil in the South, except "slaveholders" and 
their "slaves," because of that pre vailing prejudice against "African 
slavery" — the "peculiar institution" of the Southern States. 

/" DOOR- WAY" TO THE SOUTH RESOURCES AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT 

BY INDUSTRY AND SKILL. 

The w v ar demolished and erased the very foundations of that 
" wall," and opened wide the flood-gates to the influx of millions of 
additional and enterprising population from all quarters of the great 
globe, and which are absolutely essential to that enlarged and 



Southern to the Northern States. 9 

profitable development of this most wonderful combination of valuable 
and varied resources, and which would ever have remained dormant 
and valueless without just such influences as are exerted by an 
abundance of active INTELLIGENT, reliable and productive 
labor, such as the "slave" proved never to have been, and such as^ 
the most hopeful cannot hope of the "freedman." 

THE NEGRO'S CAPACITY AND HABITS "FREEDMAN." 

Those, and those only, who have, by actual observation and long 
experience, become familiar with his capacities and habits, are 
rightly prepared to pass a critical judgment and pronounce the 
incapacity and unfitness of the negro (unaided and unsustained by 
the influences and motives of usefulness, of sympathy, of restraint 
and interest, similar to those surrounding him in his former condi- 
tion of slavery) to elevate himself to that degree of excellence and 
prosperity which has been so often and so persistently predicted of 
him by those who really know little, if anything, of his true caliber, 
or of his ability to maintain even that status of worldly comfort, 
physical stamina and moral character in which the "emancipation 
proclamation" found him. 

NEW CLAIMANT FOR CITIZENSHIP. 

Now if the "emancipation" thus thrust upon him — and this at 
such an immense expenditure of blood and treasure — is to benefit 
him, none more desire and will labor more earnestly than his former 
owner for such an improvement of his condition, as shall not only 
warrant his future exemption from "pauperism" and its inevitable 
concomitants, and which is not beyond the reach of improbability 
so long as he fails to comprehend practically the value of time and, 
money, but his bounden duty likewise to labor, even to the " hoping 
against hope," for the preparation and more becoming fitness — men- 
tally and morally, if possible — of this new claimant upon the so- 
ciety and government, of which he has, in the course of events, 
become a component and active element. 

DICTATES OF HUMANITY AND INTEREST COMBINED — ENIGMA — THE 

" ELEPHANT." 

The two-fold motives of humanity and interest dictated and in- 
fluenced the "master's" or owner's care and treatment of the 
"slave;" and now, since the severance of that bond and obligation 
— "care for thy own" — neither has the wisdom of the government 
nor the legions of "Philanthropic and loving friends" solved, by 
actual demonstration, the enigma, " What-shall-bc-done-with-the-ele- 
phant f " 

Who is ready to cease theory and bring to a practical test the 
desired solution, if possible ? Let the North and South enter into 
a most hearty co-operation for this end, in the fullest exercise of 
that intelligent and Christian spirit of " doing good toothers" 
and in observance of that great second commandment, "Love thy 
neighbor as thyself," or let such " forever hereafter hold their 
peace." 



10 An Appeal from the 

TRUE " FREEMAN " — DELIVERANCE — GRATITUDE — THE SOUTH AWAKEN- 
ING THE SOUTH INVITES AND LABORS EOR MORE PEOPLE, NOT 

"BLOODSUCKERS," BUT "PRODUCERS." 

The former "slaveholder" is now the true "freeman" and keenly 
appreciative of the value of the unsought hoon, and of the strength 
of his new position in the new and glorious arena opened up to his 
vision. He now begins to understand with some clearness, and to 
discover to the dark cloud " a silver lining," and to praise a Kind 
Providence for this deliverance, and in His own time and way, from 
that which, even if he had in former years regarded and acknowl- 
edged as an evil, he knew not how to free himself. He now begins 
to understand, practically, what united and untold advantages, men- 
tally, morally, physically and pecuniarily, are to result to himself 
and children and children's children, and therefore recognizes with 
gratitude the Hand which severed him from his " idols," and gladly 
accepts the present afflicting dispensation of suffering and loss for 
a future full of hope and greater gain for himself, his generation 
and his country — a foretaste of which is now stimulating and ener- 
gizing the whole representation of the material and industrial 
interests of the South, and which will ere long culminate in an un- 
paralleled prosperity and the fullest fruition of " Commercial Inde- 
pendence" and " Greatness." /He is now awakening to a fuller reali- 
zation of the boundless capacity and the immensity of the value of the 
Resources of the South, and is entering with enthusiasm and earnest 
action in bringing to light and life the millions of hidden treasures 
locked up in every stone, and clod, and mountain, and forest, and 
field ; and their unmeasured power, when once unfolded, developed 
and vitalized and utilized to their fullest extent, by the aid, as their 
co-laborers, of additional millions of active, intelligent, enterprising, 
producing and developing people, whom they are cordially inviting 
and earnestly laboring to acquire from that army of " developers " 
who have made the North and the East and the West to blossom 
as a rose, and filled their land with " throng and thrift." The 
South is reaching out, not so much for the "great monopolists" — 
"the millionaires," "pampered bondholders," "stock jobbers," 
"shoddy speculators" — as for the honest, industrious and thrifty classes 
who, although too poor now to own an acre of land, are yet too 
'proud to be lazy and too industrious to remain long poor and without 
a home — the day laborer, the farm hand, the wood chopper, the ditcher, 
the gardener, the dairyman, the orchard list, the miller, the tanner, the 
smith, the wagon-maker, the cooper, the hatter, the founder, the carpen- 
ter, the machinist, the spinner, the weaver — aye, that army of " pro- 
ducers I" — " producers" whose "toil of brain " and " sweat of brow " 
will bring individual competency and "fee simple" homes to them- 
selves and their children, development and magnificence to the 
country, and increased strength and stability to the nation. 

"LOAFERS AND CROAKERS " THE REPRESENTATIVE MEN — NOT AN- 
OTHER AFRICAN, IF YOU PLEASE. 

This is the desire and inflexible purpose of the South. The people 



Southern to the Northern States. n 

of the South — and by these we do not mean that class of "loafers 
and croakers," to be found everywhere, both North and South, in 
all States and sections, and who, if but half as active and industrious 
in seeking to help themselves as in decrying others, would soon become 
rich themselves and useful to the world, but we do mean the solid, 
substantial, reflective and common-sense people of the South (the 
landholder, the merchant, the banker, the railroad and navigation 
element, the sturdy mechanic, the journal corps, and the true repre- 
sentative and progressive men of all branches of industry and devel- 
opment — and we speak it with pride when we aflirm that these 
are "legion") — these are the great majority, and they do most 
sincerely desire and will not cease to labor, "to spend and be 
spent," for the acquisition of both enough and the right sort of popu- 
lation, to literally crowd every avenue of employment and develop- 
ment here in this "sunny land" where truly "the harvest is great 
and the laborers few;" and still further do we affirm, ALL state- 
ments to the contrary, all such population, without regard to their 
nativity, whether of Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, Kansas, New York, 
Maine, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania or Iowa, or from the icy 
regions of Canada, the "bee- hive" isles of Britain, or the teeming 
density of the millions of "home-seeking and frugal- habited" deni- 
zens of Denmark, Norway, Germany, Sweden and France, who may 
come in good faith and honesty of piurpose to cast their lot and iden- 
tity with the country, and to lend by their hearts and hands, heads 
and means, and every good influence, to the more perfect restora- 
tion and maintenance of sound and wholesome government, and to 
the fullest development of the most wonderful resources of a coun- 
try yet only in its infancy of development and pupilage of imperial^-'' 
future, that they will be welcomed. 
what the south does and will have, and what they do not 

want and pray to be delivered from — carpet-baggers. 

The people of the South do want those from whom they may 
derive the soundest and most practical lessons of wisdom in the 
cultivation of the soil; those who may, by the introduction of the 
most improved agricultural implements and the most scientific 
modes of culture, increase two, ten, or even twenty- fold the present 
productions of the soil, not only in enabling it to jfield forth "two 
stalks of corn to the hill, or one bale of cotton to the acre, where 
only the half grew before, but who can and will coax three times the 
crop to grow where none ever grew before;" those who can, by the 
skillful touch of the most approved methods and appliances, lend 
the most enhanced and available value to the inexhaustible stores 
of coal, iron, copper, lead, mai'ble, sandstone, etc.; those who can 
and loill convert the timber of these dense and magnificent forests 
of pine, oak, cypress, walnut, chesnut, maple, hickory, etc., into 
agricultural implements, coopers' ware, house furniture, railroad 
cars, steamboats and bridges, dwellings and barns, schoolhouses 
and churches : the millions of pounds of raiv-hides, and tons of tan- 
bark into leather and leather goods ; the raw cotton into the best 



12 An Appeal from the 

and last convertible and merchantable shape of yarn and cable, 
sheeting and shirting, duck and batting; the wool from the 
shearers' hand to the card, spindle and loom, into carpets and ker- 
seys, blankets and jeans, cassimers and flannels ; those who 
understand the cultivation of the grape and the making of wine, 
and whose experience will early demonstrate the great superiority 
of this character of products here, over those, even of the farfamed 
vine lands of Europe ; those who, if it were possible, can bring to 
the peach, the apricot, the berry — in this, emphatically " the land of 
the peach and berry " — a greater perfection of size, color and lus- 
ciousness than here already attained at the smallest expense of 
labor or care ; and which applies as well and with equal truth 
to the pear, the plum, the mellon, and most of the vegetable 
and floral kingdom, which grow so kindly and yield so gen- 
erously all over these Southern States, and especially what is 
denominated the great " cotton belt" — the middle and temperate 
of the two extremes of latitude — those who may come to improve 
navigation, to erect mills and factories, to extend the old and pro- 
ject new railroads, to open up the forests and reclaim the waste 
fields, to elevate and establish a bulwark of adamantine and im- 
perishable structure, founded upon "virtue and intelligence" — 
honesty rewarded — " labor dignified." The South extends to all 
such a most cordial welcome, welcome ! WELCOME ! The South- 
ern people are cpiite as frank to confess that they do not want another 
addition to the horde of irrepressible "carpet-baggers" — "dis- 
turbers of the peace" — " wolves in sheeps' clothing," devouring the 
the sheep " black and white" to-day "peacemakers," to-morroio 
"embroilers and disturbers, " " water to the tiny spark " and " flow- 
ing oil to the raging fire," adventurers without character or con- 
science, whose varacious appetites and insatiate greed and lust for 
"posish and lucre" are so great as to force them to overleap all 
pretence even to decency and honor ; and who so crowd all the 
portals, which in by-gone years, led to official position, usefulness 
and greatness, as absolutely to debar the effort, or even the desire, 
to their approach by the truly good and wise and patriotic, whose 
virtue, integrity and wholesome counsels and measures would lend 
such influence and substantial aid, in those latter days of trial and 
peril, to American government and institutions. They have not 
the manliness, the moral courage and the Christian chai'ity to 
bury in deepest oblivion the past, with all its woful remembrances; 
but with fire brands in their hands and bitterness in their hearts, 
would never cease to agitate and provoke discord and strife, so 
long as there remaineth a " sniff of the carcass" of " plunder and 
spoil." 

THEIR PEDIGREE THE SOUTHS' PROPOSED RIDDANCE OF " CARPET- 
BAGGERS " 

The pedigree of this hydra- headed monstrosity, sired by satan 
and dam of the war, is a strange compound of pseud* J' social 
equality," " over-righteousness," " extreme loyalism," and " admin- 



Southern to the Northern States. 1 3 

istration devotion," with a " heavy mixture of those seek, hide and 
devour " qualities ! Who wants the stock ? Nobody answers. Then 
do not, dear readers, blame the South for desiring and seeking to get 
rid of such a nuisance. They propose to get rid of the whole tribe, 
not as they would declare to the world through the medium of 
"reliable correspondence" and "confidential headquarter reports," 
by "the bludgeon and the halter," but by that more honorable, 
enlightened, Christianized and surer process of securiny enough of 
the good, and honest, and industrious and intelligent classes of all 
nationalities ; who in building a superstructure of such style and 
proportions, as may be precisely adapted to the requirements and 
tastes of the then predominating elements, " virtue and intelli- 
gence," as to necessitate the vigorous and complete demolition of 
the last and least vestige of 

" The carpet-bagger's " ebon throne, 
And its velvety stepping stone. 

UNION IN FACT — "AMERICAN " THE RACE AND THE PRIZE. 

Then will the people, the masses of the big-minded, honest- 
hearted, Christian-spirited, philanthropic and patriotic people of the 
North, South, East and West find a union in fact, and of indis- 
soluble bonds ; and where the head, whether local, State or Federal, 
will have his hand upholden by honest and intelligent constituents, 
while in the exercise of sound wisdom and boldness of nerve he 
may use the " surgeon's scalpel" in divesting the body politic of 
every vile and cancerous excrescence, "corruption in high places," 
contemned and ostracised ; and that harmony, and contentment, 
and mutual confidence of both the ruler and the ruled, so essential 
to the happiness and prosperity of both, and that grand , bold FOR- 
WARD STEP be made of the supremacy of "American citizenship" 
"American government" and " American ideas " — the world's model 
of worldly excellence ! The South has entered the race, and is fast 
casting off every incumbrance and dead weight, for the prize of 
of such worth. And will the North not emulate the example and 
and spirit ? Will the East not cast aside somewhat of her " exclu- 
siveness and frigidity" and allow her blood and pulse to warm up 
in this spirit of "brotherly rivalry" for the largest "heart and 
brain" contribution to a "common weal?" Will not the West 
show a "heart and hand" as big as her prairies and broad as her 
lakes, and rush into the race with that same irresistible spirit 
which marked her "boys in blue" in the recent " unpleasantness?" 

NO MORE QUARREL " NEXT FIGHT " — " MAKING REPAIRS." 

Will you not? Why not ? Have you still a quarrel ? Have you 
still a spirit of "fight and blood?" If so, the South begs to say 
that she neither has, nor will she have, " any hand " in present quar- 
rels and the "next fight," having had quite enough of the last and 
nowjtoo busy " making repairs " and preparing for the newer, higher 
and more noble contest of excellence in "peaceful pursuits," now, 
henceforth and forever. 



14 An Appeal from the 

NATURAL ADVANTAGES — THEIR NEGLECT TWO REASONS WHY — WHITE 

LABOR — "SOCIAL EQUALITY" SECOND REASON. 

No country, perhaps, in the wide world, but the South, pos- 
sesses such advantages of long-stretching sea-coast and grand har- 
bors — long, broad and perpetually navigable rivers — mountains of 
coal and iron — hills, slopes and valleys of "creamiest richness," 
and climate of such wonderful adaptability as to embrace the pro- 
ductions of nearly every other clime ; and yet multiplied, diversi- 
fied and valuable as are these resources of individual wealth and 
national greatness, it was equally and lamentably true that no 
other people of intelligence, who exercised, in other days, so little 
care or enterprise in their development ; and this carelessness, 
rather than indolence, or want of sagacity, of the proprietors, was 
the result of two -fold causes: First, the slave labor, which was 
then the only labor of the South, was, as every experienced owner 
can testify, naturally so indolent, unenterprising and non-progress- 
ive, that few owners had the fortitude and faith to attempt to in- 
doctrinate and cultivate the negro to new and advanced ideas in 
agricultural and mechanical pursuits, or even that amount of pa- 
tience and stretch of forbearance absolutely needed in obtaining 
from this laborer of " eye service" an amount of service in the 
most ordinary and daily routine of duties incident to the "planta- 
tion of primitive modes and implements of culture," equivalent to 
the capital invested in him and his care. The South neither then 
invited nor expected the other and more intelligent labor to come 
in their midst, because of their inflexible opposition to placing the 
white man on a status with the negro, as a laborer, or that of "social 
equality" as a citizen. The South had these two classes : " owner" 
and "slave" — master and laborer — and upon that laboring class to 
depend for labor; hence, no subsoiling, drainage, fertilizing, and other 
scientific practices to which the 'New England and Northern States 
are so greatly indebted for whatever of agricultural prosperity 
they may have enjoyed. Second, the reason just assigned, together 
with that of a soil and climate affording most generously of the 
richest commercial products, with such comparatively trifling ex- 
penditure of labor and care, likewise tended to habits of slovenly 
and indifferent cultivation, as well as the neglect of manufactures 
and navigation— enough profit even in the results of this one pur- 
suit of agriculture, and as pursued by them, to satisfy their most 
luxurious tastes, wasteful habits and generous liberalities. 

ABUNDANCE AND CHEAPNESS OF LANDS IN THE SOUTH. 

The territory of arrable lands in the Southern States has always 
been far too great for the numbers of their population. This super- 
abundance of lands kept their estimated value at very low prices. 
When, therefore, lands became surface worn, new lands and fresh 
could always be secured at less cost in price than tha't of the labor 
and fertilizers required to maintain or restore to their original fer- 
tility those once exhausted. These are easily reclaimed, as they 



Southern to the Northern States. 15 

yield most kindly to the influences of good husbandly, and with 
the restoration of these there remains the smallest proportion of 
unavailable and unremunerative productive lands in the vast ter- 
ritory of the South. 

SOUTHERN LANDHOLDER. 

The Southern planter was literally and emphatically a landholder, 
not unfrequently holding his one to five and ten to twenty thou- 
sand acres. The planters were not accustomed to invest, except to 
a very limited extent, in Bonds and Stocks, or other securities than 
lands, and which they regarded as the safest, readiest and simplest 
investment of each annually accruing surplus ; and hence, so many 
and large " landholders " all over the Southern States. 

"PATCHES OF CROPS" AND "IDLE ACRES" SALE OF LANDS LEAS- 
ING, ETC. 

The war having divested these "landholders" of the labor and 
means necessary to the cultivation of even the former area of tillage, 
and with an insufficient income from the mere "patches of crops" 
dotting here and there the thousands of idle acres, together with 
the fearfully increasing unreliability of the " colored free labor," 
quite indisposing the planter to adventure the planting of his cap- 
ital, without even a reasonable assurance of its return and interest, 
is now compelling these large landholders to dispose of any una- 
vailable excesses, and at far less than their former and intrinsic 
values ; and just here is the " golden " opportunity for those having 
sufficient means to buy good and cheap homes. Many other plan- 
ters are leasing their estates to white men from the Northern 
States and European countries, on terms most favorable and mutu- 
ally satisfactory^ and just here is the " golden chance" for the man 
of limited means to soon acquire independence and a home of his 
own. (More on this subject at a future page, and fail not to observe 
the particulars given.) 

"IDEAS AND HABITS" OF THE NORTH CONTRASTED WITH THOSE OF 

THE SOUTH. 

Eeader, does it not savor of falsehood and " overstatement," 
and especially those of you who have not seen the South, and 
whose " ideas and habits " of farming and making and saving, are 
so dissimilar from those of the Southern people — you have prac- 
ticed and are still learning closer lessons in the same direction, "to 
produce at home, and on your own premises, every article possible, 
required to meet home consumption," and depending upon no other 
district or State for that which you may by dint or fair trial, pro- 
duce yourself. We repeat, does it test your credulity, when we 
tell you that here in the South, the very reverse practice is the rule. 
Is it not well calculated to astonish you that any country should 
gain great wealth, should grow so rapidly rich, as did the South in 
former years, at the simple production of a few commercial staples, 
to the neglect, in a great measure, of crops of subsistence, which 
might not only have been produced in the most ample abundance 



16 An Appeal from the 

for home requirements, but likewise, with proper effort, largely for 
export 9 . Instead of this policy, they did actually import nearly all 
the necessaries as well as the luxuries of life ! Lands capable of 
producing corn, wheat, r} T e, oats, potatoes, onions and apples of 
similar qualities and quantities with those of the celebrated Wabash 
and Illinois rivers and the praries of the West, and yet these regions 
find in the South the most liberal customers for their surplus of 
these identical commodities! 

THE SOUTH IMPORTED NECESSARIES, AS WELL AS LUXURIES, PROM 
NEW YORK AND NEW ENGLAND, ILLINOIS, OHIO, MICHIGAN, ETC. 

Lands of the South are capable of producing in richest profu- 
sion and lusciousness the entire tribe of American berries, the apri- 
cot, the plum, the pear, the grape, the fig, the quince, the peach ; 
gardens yielding in successive crops almost every month of the 
year and in their highest perfection the pea, the squash, the bean, the 
tomato ; cattle, sheep, hogs and fowls accumulating about the farm 
home, with the least care or expense, requiring little or no shelter, 
" hay stack " or " corn crib ; " the forests crowding with the greatest 
varieties and finest qualities of timber ; the mountains burdened with 
coal and iron ; and yet so intently and solely have the whole popu- 
lation of the South devoted their means and energies to the cultiva- 
tion and exportation of the specialties of cotton, sugar, tobacco and rice, 
as to have ignored any and all other employments, and to have necessi- 
tated the importation of almost every article comprised in an inven- 
tory meeting the daily requirements of household, kitchen and 
farm departments, looking to and deriving from the Northern, East- 
ern and Western States for their productions, manufactures or importa- 
tions — of every article, whether of necessity or luxury — cultivating 
and then shipping in exchange therefor these "gold bearing " pro- 
ducts of the South, through New York merchants and New England 
mills and factories ! The South, supplying the raw materials of 
her own production, upon which have been built the collossal 
fortunes represented by the one hundred millions value of New Eng- 
land cotton mills ; New York, the world-wide reputation of her 
Wall street, the magnificence of her Broadway, and the sumptuous- 
ness and luxuriousness of her "Fifth Avenue" and " Murry Hill ; " 
and contributing by these products more largely than all the other 
sections of the United States combined, to the establishment and 
sustenance of our national commerce then "covering all seas." 

THE SOUTHS' " GRANARY, FACTORY AND MERCHANT." 

The South received in exchange for her products, those very 
articles which she could easily have produced herself, of flour, beef, 
bacon, lard, corn, potatoes, hay. fowls, eggs, butter, soap, starch, 
vinegar, cheese, candles, oils, plows, wagons, harness, furniture, 
etc., etc., from Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin and Michigan ; 
coal, wrought iron, castings, railroad iron, gas pipes, fire grates, 
chip axes, nails, screws, glassware, drugs, paints, etc., etc., from 
Pennsylvania ; cotton yarns, sheetings, shirtings, thread, calicoes, 



Southern to the Northern States. 17 

cottonades, jeans, satinetts, rat traps, fish hooks, needles pins, boots, 
shoes, wall paper, cordage, etc., from New England ; and silks, 
satins, laces, hosiery, clothing, jewelry, watches, plate, pianos, tea, 
coffee, spices, wines — indeed, with scarcely the exception of one in 
that long catalogue of items, for the inner or outer man, from the 
" crown of the head to the sole of the foot" — from the infants' 
swaddling clothes and cradle to the winding sheet and burial cas- 
ket ; from the childs' alphabet card and primer to the gold- bound 
Bible, from the laborers' simplest garb and most frugal platter and 
couch to the millionaire's most elegant and " recherche " parlor, 
plate and phaeton, whether of American or foreign production, 
these supplies were drawn by the South from her great " granary 
of the West," her '; 'factory of New England," and her " merchant of 
New York!" 

WHY STAY WHERE YOU ARE? 

Notwithstanding this heavy and continual draft upon the re- 
sources of the South, wonderiul the assertion, that no people on 
this or any other continent, ever before grew so easily and rapidly 
rich from year to year, previous to the recent war, as did those of 
these Southern States ! Their lavish expenditures of monev was 
proverbial as Northern merchants, hotels, schools, " Saratogas " and 
"Newports " can testify, and yet their resources were always amply 
abundant to meet all these outlays and still leave each year a hand- 
some increase in wealth. Consider these matters well an d then 
answer the question, why do you remain where you are and toil from 
year to year under so many disadvantages of severity and long dura- 
tion of winters, shortness of cropping and length of feeding and fuel 
seasons, expensive lands, less valuable products, and constant lia- 
bility to those lingering and fatal diseases peculiar to the high lati- 
tude of snow and ice in which you dwell ? 

SOUTH'S WONDERFUL RESOURCES AND PECULIAR ADVANTAGES AND 

"APPEAL." 

If the recital of facts incontrovertible, just made, astonish you 
listen somewhat further and you will just' begin to appreciate the 
" wonderful resources and peculiar advantages of the Southern States," 
and the force of this " appeal " to you and to your neighbors and 
friends and the " civilized world ! ! 

WHAT THE SOUTH DID IN 1868 AND 18G9— SOUTH'S MUNIFICENT 

INCOME. 

Let us cast up the results in the South since the war. " Let us 
> see what the Sonth is now doing, and what she is capable of and 
proposes to do with your help 'in the future. With only abou" one- 
fourth of the entire area of their land in cultivation, and this, too, 
of the most inferior order of tillage, in consequence of the ex- 
tremely limited capital ; the great deficiency and inefficiency of their 
labor, and the meagre supply and imperfect character of their im- 
plements and teams ; the people ;of these Southern States, in two 
years from the conclusion of a devastating war of four years dur- 



18 An Appeal from the 

ation, had, not only in a great measure liquidated about one hundred 
millions of individual past liabilities or " old debts" and accrued inter- 
est, to the commercial and mercantile communities of the Northern, 
Eastern and Western States ; but, in addition to having produced of 
the necessaries of life sufficient for home consumption and laid the 
foundation for that eminent success now crowning their efforts ; 
likewise realized as the proceeds of their crop of cotton, sugar, to- 
bacco, hemp and rice for the year 1868, the enormous income of four 
hundred millions op dollars ; and after "squaring accounts " with 
the world, the South absorbed and retained of the great volume of the 
National currency and "hard money" at least thirty millions of 
dollars! Their crops of 1869, yielded the grand income of Five 
Hundred Millions of Dollars ; and as the agricultural community 
does not now as of olden time, invest in slaves and large land pos- 
sessions, and from the abstemious and frugal habits acquired during 
the ordeal of povert} T and destitution to which they had been but 
so recently subjected, have learned to be content with the com- 
forts and to dispense with the luxuries of life ; the South will retain 
and absorb of this year's income, a surplus of not less than Two 
Hundred Millions of Dollars ! ! 

DIVERSION OF PROFITS TO OTHER PURSUITS. 

Let the South continue this process for ten years, or even less, and 
who does not perceive the natural and inevitable diversion of this 
surplus of accumulating profits from agricultural to manufacturing, 
mining, commercial and other pursuits, and thus, while opening up 
new enterprises and increasing profits at home, are surely upon 
the highway for supremacy ! Stranger still, yet none the less true, 
that in the year of 1867 the South — notwithstanding the discour- 
agements and disadvantages under which she labored, and that 
with a population, all told, of white and black, of only about 
9,600,000 (we shall, for present convenience, use round numbers) 
did produce and furnish $328,000,000 of the national eocports; 
while those furnished by Northern, Eastern and Western States 
combined, and with a population of 25,000,000, and these in posses- 
sion of every facility of money, labor, protection, quiet, and at the full 
tide of their prosperity, did not exceed $245,000,000 ! ! 
comparative exports of north and south. 
California produced the same year, say $75,000,000 of gold. 
Now add California's product to that of the $245,000,000 produced 
and furnished the national exports by the Northern . Eastern and, 
Western States, combined, and yet the South surpassed them all 
some $8,000,000 ! The South with only 28 per cent, of the whole 
population of the United States, and yet producing and supplying, 
in raw material, 69 per cent, of the exports of the whole country ! 
Does this not speak VOLUMES ? Then give heed. 

SOUTHERN PRODUCTS THE NATION'S STRENGTH. 

And not of the least consideration, is the fact too, that these 
" Southern exports" are u gold bearing" or rather gold fetching 



Southern to the Northern States. 19 

products— just those which cannot possibly be produced in the 
Northern, Eastern or Western States, baying not the peculiar 
adaptation of soil and climate—just those products affording the 
quantity and quality of " National Income" with which to meet 
"National Debts"— just those that will most readily and surely 



recover and hold the commerce of the seas, and to fill the whole 
Union with throng and thrift. 

CAPACITY OF THE SOUTH AND EFFECT OF FULL DEVELOPMENT. 

Who is prepared to estimate the grand total when the fullest 
development of all these resources shall have been made?" Who 
doubts the capacity of the South, under such auspices, of supplying 
the whole world with cotton, sugar, hemp, tobacco, rice, hops, flax, 
the orange and the fig, " the juice of the grape," " old peach and 
honey,"' " apple jack," and "pure corn," to which may be added her 
other capabilities of productions and sources of independence and 
wealth— that of the wealth of her forests in ship timber, lumber, 
stave's, rosin, turpentine and tanbark — her mountains and valleys, 
the iron, coal, copper, lead, gold, tin, kaolin, petroleum, marble, 
stone, gypsum, marl— from her fields and meadows, beef, pork, 
mutton, fowls, hides, wool, beans, peas, corn, wheat, barley, hay, 
potatoes, fruits, etc.; and when such shall have been the develop- 
ment of the South, and XOT till its nearer approximation will the 
people of the whole natio,< — North, South, East and West — laugh at 
the "old fogy" who shall venture in his "fossilism" to complain 
of "taxes," " hard times," "depreciated currency," "no dividends." 

TIWS DEVELOPMENT AND GRANDEUR HINGES UPON Til E NUMBER AND 

QUALITY OF OTHER POPULATION " PRODUCERS," "UTILIZERS," 

" VITALIZERS." 

This development and this prosperous state of things, are not less 
possible than tluy are desirable, and the whole question of success 
hinges upon the introduction to the South of an abundance of that 
population of honest, industrious, and intelligent producers and 
developers, with muscle, brain, vim. enterprise, at the touch of 
whose skill, intelligence and industry shall spring forth like magic 
the hidden and untold wealth of these resources which a bountiful 
Providence has lavished upon the South without stint on measure — 
yea, absolutely "heaped up, pressed down and running over," that 
population of producers, utilizers, vitalizers of these •• wonder- 
ful resources" to an extent telling not only upon their own imme- 
diate interests and the regeneration and' rebuilding of the waste 



places of the South, but would soon present on the ""Weighty 
Ledger" of the "World's Commerce" a " National- Exchange- 
Credit- Balance," more potent than the sword, more flippant in 
Courts than shrewdest diplomatists tongue, and the key to cdl ports, 
kingdoms and climes, and soon the world, compelled to acknowledge 



20 An Appeal from the 

these United States a competitor, without a hopeful rival, and to pay 
obeisance to a supremacy beyond the reach of an earthly power to 
dislodge or dethrone — the Agriculturists, the Manufacturer the 
Shipper — "three in one" — supreme! "The resources" of the 
South, if vitalized and utilized, would in five years yield a surplus in- 
come sufficient to pay, honestly, dollar for dollar the last copper and 
mill of the national debt ! 

If only one branch of these diversified resources of the South — 
the "Agricultural," and that of only one- fourth of the available 
lands, and under such an array of most unfavorable circumstances, 
as heretofore detailed — yielded in 1867 eight millions exports in 
excess of all the other States combined, an income of four hundred 
millions in 1868, and five hundred millions in 1869, what figures 
would aggregate the results of the increase of this area of tillable 
lands to three- fourths of the whole territory, and the additional 
increase of productiveness, imparted by the processes and imple- 
ments of intelligent and scientific cultivation ? The income of one 
year would meet the " national debt " of two thousand nullum dollars I 

THE " GREAT MISSISSIPPI VALLEY." 

Let us here present, for the consideration of the whole country, 
some items with regard to the justly celebrated " alluvial lands " of 
the Mississippi river, or more popularly the great " Mississippi 
Valley," undoubted the most wonderful fertile country in the known 
world. Their extent is from near the north line of Tennessee and 
Arkansas, embracing those counties bordering both sides of the 
Mississippi river to .New Orleans, but our reference now is more 
specially to that portion lying between Memphis, Tennessee, and 
Vicksburg, Mississippi. 

The density of these forests and canebrakes had begun to yield 
in some measure to the influences of the axeman and the plow- 
share, and thousands of plantations dotted the shore, until the war 
came, bringing not only destruction of levees, houses, fences, etc., 
but likewise such impecuniosity to the owners, as to necessitate 
for the past five years a most woful neglect and want of progress 
throughout this magnificent " Valley." They now need but the 
influences of muscle and capital to vitalize and utilize to the fullest 
capacity, their yet but partially discovered resources of untold 
magnitude and wealth, and to impart to " diamonds yet in the 
rough " a brilliancy and enhancement that would dazzle the world I 

A great " inland sea," extending from the borders of the great 
Northern lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, in the South, levying tribute 
from the richness of the soil of all that immense body of country 
drained by it and its multitude of tributaries, bears this "cream" 
in solution with its current for deposit, each returning year, on the 
surface of beds of mold and loam, already in richness, without 
length, breadth, heighth or depth, from similar processes for accu- 
mulated centuries, thus placing tar in the distance guano and other 
commercial fertilizers, both as to quality and cost, as the Missis- 



Southern to the Northern States. 21 

sippi water is the best known fertilizer, and costing but that incident 
to a good system of irrigation, which must soon follow in the wake 
of the construction of the proposed levee and railroad, hereafter 
more particularly referred to. 

MISSISSIPPI RIVER LEVEE, RAILROAD, COTTON CULTURE AND COTTON 

MANUFACTURE. 

It is proposed to reclaim and permanently protect the tier of 
counties on the east side of the Mississippi river by a substantial 
levee, with a first class railroad on top of this and running parallel 
with the river from Memphis to Vicksburg. 

To aid this important enterprise bills are before Congress asking 
for lands and money, and before the Legislature of Mississippi 
asking a charter for the railroad, and a law providing for such tax- 
ation on both the lands reclaimed and their products as will guar- 
antee a sufficient and permanent fund for the perfect and perpetual 
repairs of the levee. 

The area of land embraced in the counties of the State of Mis- 
sissippi, thus bordering on the river, between Mc mphis and Vicks- 
burg, is about 4444 square miles, or 2,844,000 acres ; all of which, 
except about 500,000 nearest Vicksburg, and which are submerged 
by the back waters of the Yazoo river, still leaving 2,344,000 acres, 
which can thus be fully reclaimed and protected, and when placed 
under cultivation, can be most confidently relied upon for " all time 
to come," and even with the most ordinary cultivation, for an 
annual average of one bale (500 pounds lint cotton) per acre ; 
while no less adapted to the production of the most abundant sup- 
ply of all those articles necessary to the subsistence of the densest 
population which may in future years crowd it. The lands nearest 
the river shore are much higher than those remote, and hence the 
practicability of a system of irrigation at a cost involving simply 
that of pumping and hoisting the water from the bed of the river 
and giving it direction over and beyond the levee to every acre of 
the great interior. This country is not now subject to drought and 
perhaps ma}- never be to the same extent as the older countries, 
but will, of course, be more or less liable, as it may be denuded of 
the timber and deprived of the moisture produced thereby. 

A portion of these lands are still the property of the States, but 
the large majority and the more desirable generally, were selected 
and belong to private individuals, either by entry or purchase, pre- 
vious to the late war ; and these individual owners have been, since 
that event, without the requisite labor and means, for either the 
rebuilding of the former levee, or of extending the area of cultiva- 
tion, or of even maintaining that status of planting operations, which 
had been so rapidly gained within a few years previous to the out- 
break of the war. 

The majority of these owners must sell, because of the inade- 
quacy of labor and capital to cultivate and develope this property ; 
otherwise, lands which in former years and when cotton ruled in 
price at about ten cents per pound, readily commanding from forty 



22 An Appeal from the 

to one hundned dollars per acre, would not now be seeking pur- 
chasers at from ten to thirty dollars per acre for improved, and one 
to ten for unimproved, and with cotton at double its former price. 
Now let jowv calm, dispassionate and patriotic statesmen ponder 
the good results of a kind and fostering care of such momentous 
and vital interests as are involved in the development of this 
"Mississippi Valley;" and your shrewdest financiers calculate the 
inevitable ruin and irremediable loss which will follow that persistent 
neglect which has been engendered and cherished by corrupt men 
and factions for individual aggrandizement, sectional interest and 
political schemes — truly practicing the policy of "killing the goose 
for the golden egg" — truly " saving at the spile while losing at the 
bung." What investment of intelligent and honest Congressional 
aid, can equal the results promise' I by a liberal development of this 
•• great valley ?" What investment of individual capital and enter- 
prise on this continent promising so rich and steady an income for 
ones self and generations after him? Cast up the net earnings 
of your railroad stocks, your National banks, your ' Pike's Peak ' and 
"California placers," and how meagre the comparative results, and 
how uncertain, vascillating, speculative and often deceptive and dis- 
asterous does the " balance sheet " prove. " Bulling " and " bear- 
ing" both wear and tear the mind and purse, vex the spirit, harden 
the heart, till the asylums with wrecks, the prisons with criminals, 
the graves with untimely victims, and prove but the school for the 
graduation and greater proficiency of more accomplished and un- 
scrupulous operators in still more emboldened schemes. 

FIFTY THOUSAND ACRES OF " MISSISSIPPI VALLEY " COTTON PLAN- 
TATION — COST AND PROFITS ESTIMATED. 

Suppose a few friends combine for the ownership and develop- 
ment of, say, 50,000 acres of the "Mississippi Valley " lands, with 
the capital and enterprise to purchase and improve in the best and 
most substantial manner ; to introduce the most approved imple- 
ments and culture and the most reliable labor, as well as the most 
experienced and practical superintendents ; and in every respect to 
endeavor to reach the highest standard of development, and put 
to the utmost test and excellency the capacity of their resources 
for wealth and productiveness ; and here profit and pleasure would 
go hand in hand, and permanent foundations laid for munificent 
incomes and magnificent heritages for the founders and their gene- 
rations to come. 

After the purchase of the lands, it would be necessary to im- 
prove with a sufficiency of comfortable dwellings for the superin- 
tendents and laborers, with their families, barnes, stables, fences, 
first class fire proof gins and storage houses, and to secure the best 
work stock, implements, seeds, etc. 50,000 acres may now be se- 
lected, with an aggregate of at least 20,000 acres already cleared 
and ready for immediate cultivation, to which might be conveni- 
ently added and without material interference with the crop opera- 



Southern to the Northern States. 23 

tions, at least 5,000 acres of new clearings annually, until not less 
than 'four-fifths of the whole purchase had been placed under culti- 
vation. Take the figures below as a close approximate : 

DEBIT FIRST YEAR. 

To 50,000 acres Plantation Lands, maximum per acre, $25 $1,250,000 

5 first class fire-proof brick warehouses 50,000 

10 first class fire-pooof brick cotton gin houses 50,000 

20 Superintendents' wooden dwellings, at $750 each 15,000 

500 Laborers' wooden dwellings, at $200 each 10 'nnn 

Barns, Stables, etc., for "work" stock -rw!n 

1000 first class work mules and horses, $175 175,000 

1000 first class plows and scrapers, $10 10 w!n 

1 "Engine of all work " 8 ;000 

1000 Setts Work Harnes, $7 JijJJO 

20 Four-Horse Wagons, $150 3,000 

20 Four-Horse Wagon Harness, $50 1,000 

20 Yokes of Oxen, $100 2,J<X> 

5 Ox Wagons, $150... 750 

1000 Weeding Hoes, $1 \^\ 

1000 Chop Axes, $1 }<°AJJ 

Carpenters and Smiths' tools 1,000 

Cooking, Table and Household Utensils 5,000 

One year's subsistence for 2000 laborers 200,000 

One year's subsistence for work stock, cattle, etc 7o,000 

200 Milch Cows and 500 Head of Hogs ^'iSS 

Medicine Chest and attendance one year 2,000 

Contingent fund 20,000 

Baling' and rope for 15,000 bales cotton, first year oO.UOO 

Six per cent, Interest on above one year 117,105 

Ten per cent, depreciation by wear and tear of stock, tools, etc 10,162 

Laborers' wages one vear, 2000 at $200 each 400,000 

20 Superintendents' wages, first year, $1000 each 2 ~'™n 

Salary of office man and assistant ',^00 

Office Stationery, safe, etc., first year 500 

Total debt first year $2,507,017 

CREDIT FIRST YEAR. 

By Proceeds of 15,000 acres cultivated in cotton, say 15,000 bales 

(500 pounds each), 75,000,000 lbs at 20c ^'^'SK 

Proceeds 500 acres in grain, hay, vegetables, etc io'-'nnn 

Appreciation in land of 50,000 acres, 10 per cent 125 ,000 

Increase of stock of cattle, hogs, etc., 75 per cent 6-000 

Total credit first year $1,710,000 

DEBIT SECOND YEAR. 

To six per cent. Interest on aforementioned $1,951,750 $ 117,105 

Contingent fund • 20,000 

Deficiency to meet subsistence account for laborers and stock and 

not produced first year on the premises 10 °'°aa 

Bailing and rope for 20,000 bales cotton GG ' ( 1 >( !^ 

Depreciation in work stock, implements, etc., 10 per cent 10. ,162 

Wages of 2000 laborers at $200 each 400,000 

Additional improvements on 5000 acres, clearing 5,00i 

Superintendents' wages for the year 2 J' ( ^ 

Office man and assistant's salary i,M0 

Total debit second vear $ 745,767 



24 An Appeal from the 

CREDIT SECOND YEAR. 

Bv Proceeds 20,000 acres cotton, say 20,000 bales, 100,000,000 pounds 

at 20c $2,000,000 

Proceeds 5000 acres in grain, hay, vegetables, etc 100,000 

Appreciation in value of 50,000 acres of land, 10 per cent 125,000 

Increase in hogs, cattle, etc., 75 per cent 6,000 

Total credit second year $2,231,000 

RECAPITULATION. 

Credit by first vear's operations, gross $1,716,000 

" " second year's operations, gross 2,231,000— $3,947,000 

Debit to first year's operations, gross $2,507,017 

" " second year's operations, gross 745,767 — $3,252,784 

By balance credit at end of two years $ 694,216 

Now here is exhibited an investment made in lands which are 
now intrinsically worth four fold, or more than the price paid for 
them, and which will increase in value from year to year just in 
proportion as they may be developed. Most liberal prices have 
teen allowed in all the above estimates in the purchase of lands, 
their improvement, outfit and cultivation?, as well as six per cent, 
interest per annum on this outlay, in the aggregate of 81,594,750; 
a discount of ten per cent, for depreciation by wear and tear of 
stock, implements, harness, etc., and at the end of two years own- 
ing an improved plantation estate, stocked and ready to repeat like 
operations, worth by actual cost and legitimate appreciation, $1,- 
824,426, which has not only paid for itself and all running expenses, 
besides §694,216, net, cash surplus, out of its own productions ! 

This will apply to similar enterprises whether of smaller or 
larger dimensions, even to the extent of the 2,344,000 acres of 
" Mississippi Valley " lands between Memphis and Vicksburg, or 
even to include the whole " Mississippi alluvials " of both the States 
of Mississippi and Arkansas, aggregating 8,000,000 acres. The 
average cost of these lands, a very small proportion being im- 
proved, would not at present exceed ten dollars per acre. Thus : 

8,000,000 acres at $10 00 $80,000,000 

500 miles levee at $20,000 per mile 10,000,000 

500 miles railway at 30,000 per mile 15,000,000 

$105,000,000 
To which add for clearing and otherwise improving same, and 
the running cultivation expenses for first year, 50 per cent, 
on above cost of lands, levee, railway, etc 52,500,000 

Total cost $157,500,000 

The proceeds of 6,000,000 acres cultivated in cotton, for the 
first year would be 6,000,000 bales of cotton at $100 00 per bale, 
$600,000,000. The remaining 2,000,000 acres will supply the most 
abundant subsistence to sustain the cotlon crop. Would five years 
elapse before the whole national debt could be cancelled ? Would 



Southern to the Northern States. 25 

five years not only restore to our commerce its former prestige, 
but absolutely establish our supremacy of the seas ? Is there 
another nation who would so neglect, despise and trample, as 
" swine doth the pearls under their feet," these resources and 
advantages ? 

Now" add to these productions and results of the "Mississippi 
Tally," the other of the broad extent of "uplands" throughout 
the whole "cotton belt" of these Southern States; for bear in 
mind, we have taken into the foregoing estimates, only a small 
proportion, comparatively, of our cotton territory ; and would five 
years have elapsed before orders and vessels would come pouring 
in from all other nations for "American cotton?" 

Let not sectional prejudices and corrupt politicians longer block 
the highway to national progress and industrial enterprise. Push 
these estimates of the South's resources and advantages still further 
and somewhat nearer their limit, if limit they have. 

'/WORLD'S SUPPLY" OF COTTON POWER OP AMERICAN COTTON — 

AMERICAN COTTON — MANUFACTURES — BOTTOM Y. 

Increase the average of cotton alone to the production of the 
"world's supply" — say 10,000,000 bales — and what effect would it 
produce ? England m ust have cotton or her people starve for bread! 
England must have American cotton or succumb to New England 
spindles because England cannot in all her provinces produce either 
that quantity or quality required to meet her requirements and a 
successful competition with New England mills' products. As 
America can produce not only a sufficiency to meet the world's de- 
mand, but of a better quality and at a cheaper cost of production it 
necessarily follows that England and the balance of the world will be 
forced to obtain American cotton now; soon in " American bottoms " 
and eventually and irrevocably " American cotton" in " American man- 
ufactures" by "American bottoms!" 

SOUTHERN COTTON FIELD — COTTON MILL. 

Now this same process of reasoning may be applied to New 
England and the South, except with this additional and unconquerable 
advantage to the South, to- wit: Close proximity of " cotton field " 
and "cotton mill." This is absolutely insurmountarle ! By way 
of illustrating what is now being actually demonstrated in the South 
— true only yet in a small measure compared with New England — 
but as "large oaks from little acorns grow," so may an "over - 
shado ving tree " come of this beginning of the South. Let us here 
make an exhibit of the facts, showing the great superiority and 
profit of " cotton manufacturing " in the Southern over New England 
or any other country. Let us take Memphis, Tennessee, for ex- 
ample, as this is the most acceptable and desirable mart for obtain- 
ing, in abundance, those beautiful and desirable "upland cottons," 
and so favorably known and sought for by both old and New 
England. 

Excuse the detail and the tardiness of our illustration, as this ia 



26 J_n Appeal from the 

absolutely necessary for the proper understanding of those not 
familiar with "cotton culture," "cotton ginning," "cotton mer- 
chant," "cotton market," " cotton mills," etc. The cotton is picked 
from the cotton field (lint adhering closely to the seed), and is th^n 
"ginned" by the planter — this process of separating by machinery 
the seed and lint — and this lint is the cotton afterward baled and 
ready for market, and with which all are more or less familiar. 
Now it is utterly impracticable to remove this "picked cotton " in 
the bulk to any distant points, and can only be done after its prepara- 
tion by "ginning and baling, 1 ' the bulkness of such freight "in the 
loose," and the extra hazardous risk, absolutely precludes any 
other mode than one similar to the present of the preparation and 
removal of the raw cotton to other and distant markets. {Keep this 
in view, it will become an item of moment before we close, and we 
desire that you consider well the entire footing of the account.) 

To "gin and bale" this cotton, costs money; to transport that 
cotton to the nearest depot or market, costs money; to deposit 
with or consign that cotton, as is the custom of the planter, to his 
commission merchant or cotton factor, for his disposal of same 
and the account of its proceeds to the planter, costs money. 

Ten per cent, in kind or cash, is the customary charge for the 
labor of " ginning and baling" cotton. To this ten per cent add 
baling and rope, cost of transportation to nearest home market, 
cost of merchant's or factor's bill for storage, fire insurance, sam- 
plage, drayage and commissions (and here ceases the planter's 
connection and costs, and the " cotton spinner" or "cotton mill" 
begins operations for supply, etc). The "cotton spinner," through 
his agent, the "cotton broker," has orders for cotton supplies filled, 
to which the broker adds another bill of charges in the items of 
fire insurance, drayage, exchange and commissions, and ships liable 
to the further additional charges of insurance in transitu, transpor- 
tation, interest, wastage — costing just twenty-two dollars and fifty cents 
per bale of 500 pounds from the "cotton field" within five miles of the 
City of Memphis, Tenn., to the cotton mill of Providence, R. I., or 
Lowell, Massachusetts, and to England the additional cost between 
New York, Liverpool and Manchester. Please keep this item of twenty- 
two and a half dollars in mind, for we shall have use for it soon. 
Two thousand pounds of " seed cotton " as obtained by picking 
from the cotton field, will yield one bale, or 500 pounds of " lint 
cotton." This seed would be valueless, or nearly so, to New Eng- 
land, as this sacking and removal thereto would cost more than 
their value. Keep this in mind also. New England " cotton mills " 
averaging a net dividend of ten per cent, per annum on the " station- 
ary investment of capital incorporated in the material and construc- 
tion of the mills and machinery, their " active " or "commercial" 
capital entering into the constantly changing operations of buying 
"raw cotton supplies" and selling their " cotton fabrics. 

PROFITS OF NEW ENGLAND " COTTON MILLS." 

To illustrate a "cotton mill" complete, and of the capacity for 



Southern to the Northern States. 27 

the consumption or manufacture of three thousand bales of cotton 
per aunum, costs the sum of two hundred thousand dollars, the 
" stationary capital." 

The Nqw England mill, costing $200,000, yielding a net profit 
of ten per cent, per annum, gives as the entire sum of profit just 
$20,000, (twenty thousand dollars,) and while this certainly is a com- 
fortable dividend — brought fortunes to New England and " lordly 
estates " to England — they are comparative]}' but a "shadow to the 
huge proportions " of that which may and will yet be done, and 
now in embryo at the South. Let us see the result of comparison : 
"Cotton mills" Xorth and "cotton mills" South, calling to our aid 
the items of "ginning and baling," and that of cost of transporta- 
tion &c, aggregated in that necessary and unavoidable actual cost 
of "twenty-two and a half dollars''' per bale, from "cotton field" of 
the South to " cotton mill" of New England. 

PROFITS OF SOUTHERN " COTTON MILLS." 

A " cotton mill " of similar model, capacity and cost, built at Memphis, 
working the same quality of cotton, into the same quantities and 
qualities of fabrics, and selling at the same prices as the New 
England mill, can (and has been done already in the South and 
even much more) declare and have in hand an annual dividend of 

tender cent, on $200,000 $ 20,000 

A " Gin attachment" of "first water " may cost, say $ 2,000 

An "Oil Machinery attachment ! * 25,000 

No difiiculty in obtaining at Memphis an equivalent to 3000 bales, or 
even five times that amount in cotton as it is picked from the field 
and delivering same at the "gin attachment" of the "cotton mill," 
and thus saving or making the ten per cent. " ginning," which on 

3000 bales, is just 300 bales toll at $100 each 30,000 

The seed obtained by " ginning," say from 3000 bales, carried through 
the " oil machinery attachment," and its conversion thereby into 

" cotton seed oil " and " oil cake," returns just $21 per bale 63,000 

Now add to these, that unavoidable cost of twenty-4,wo and a half dol- 
lars per bale on 3000 bales and we have the very snug dividend, 
saved.... 67,500 

$180,500 

The " Memphis mill " costing the same (and the additional "gin 
and oil attachment of $27,000), consuming an equal amount and 
quality of cotton, converted into like fabrics, and sold at same 
prices, yielding a dividend nine times greater than the "New England 
mill!! r 

A "cotton mill" at Augusta, Ga., costing just $200,000 (and 
without "gin and oil attachment") in less than ten years returned 
to the proprietors, out of its net profits, not only its entire original 
cost and that of extensive additions and improvements made in the 
meantime at an established cash value of $900,000 ; free from debt ; 
and has on hand a surplus of nearly a quarter of a million of dol- 
lars, after paying over a million of dollars dividend — and all this 
done out of its own earnings I ! 



28 jin Appeal from the 

"KING COTTON" OTHER MANUFACTURERS — MEMPHIS, TENNNESSEE — 

POPULATION — SURROUNDING COUNTRY — PRODUCTIVE LANDS. 

The South has now running and in course of construction, only 
about eighty "cotton mills," and the majority of these of small 
and inferior capacity, while the Northern States have some six 
hundred, and many of them of the highest capacity. The United 
States consume now about 1,000,000 bales of our present average 
crop of 2,500,000 bales. Our maximum crop before the war ap- 
proximated closely to 5,000,000 bales, our capacity is unlimited, 
even to the supply of the world. Now how long before the United 
States will require all the cotton we are producing? How long 
before the South will require herself, all the cotton she may pro- 
duce ? When the South shall have reached that point in her 
destiny of producing, manufacturing and shipping the " worlds' sup- 
ply" of cotton, and that only and after its conversion at home into 
the best and last convertible and merchantable shape, who will say 
that " cotton has not demonstrated and established its right to regal 
honors?" Poor, abused " king," and by none more neglected than 
by the sons of his own clime and home ! Not only will the manu- 
facture of cotton pay well in the South, but great profit is to be 
derived from the manufacture of woolen fabrics, leather and leather 
goods, coopers' ware, house furnituie, agricultural implements, 
earthern ware, railroad cars, hardware, paper stock, etc. With a 
thorough knowledge of the country, we are free to advise those 
who may feel interested and propose domiciling South, to make the 
CITY of MEMPHIS, Tenn., the initial and central point of your 
tours of inspection of the South, for we are well assured in our 
own minds, that within a compass of one hundred and fifty to two hun- 
dred miles of this city, as a focal point, that a greater combination of 
advantages are to be found than in any other portion of the United 
States of equal compass. It is a growing city of about 60,000 popu- 
lation, and in the midst of a country on all sides of most unusual 
fertility, and susceptible of producing the finest yields and best 
qualities of cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, potatoes, onions, 
turnips, cabbage, beans, peas, melons, peaches, apples, pears, grapes, 
berries, sorghum, broom corn, flax, hops, castor oil beans, peanuts, 
as well as clover, blue grass, timothy and millet ; in close prox- 
imity and of easy transportation, of walnut, oak, maple, hickory, 
and of coal, iron, stone, tan bark, hides, wool, etc., etc., thus afford- 
ing abundantly and cheaply the materials both for subsistence and 
manufacturing. The city presents a fine field for manufacturing 
enterprises in nearly every branch, and a wide field " without home 
competition," for the distribution and profitable sale of their pro- 
ducts over the States of Tennessee, Southern Missouri, Arkansas, 
Mississippi and Alabama. 

The cotton trade (raw cotton) of Memphis amounts at present 
to about 300,000 bales per annum, with gradually increasing re- 
ceipts, promising to become in a few years second only to New 
Orleans as a cotton port. 



Southern to the Northern States. 

MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES. 

All branches of mercantile and commercial pursuits are largely 
and most energetically represented, while more mechanical and 
manufacturing enterprises are much needed. The Mississippi 
river is here navigable for the largest class of steamers during the 
whole year and the wharf is daily lined with steamers plying this 
"great inland sea" and its multitude of tributaries, reaching out 
and extending almost from the Alleghany to the Rocky Mountains 
east and west, and from the great " Northern Lakes " on the North 
to the Gulf of Mexico on the South. 

RAILROADS PRESENT AND PROSPECTIVE. 

The Memphis and Charleston railroad opens up a direct com- 
munication on the east with North Mississippi, North Alabama, 
Georgia, Middle and East Tennessee, Carolinas, Virginia, and with 
all the ports of the Atlantic coast, from Mobile, Ala., to New York 
and Boston, and will no doubt be the " eastern division " of the 
"Grand Trunk Railway" from Norfolk, Virginia, to San Diego on 
the Pacific, of which the Memphis and Little Rock railroad, whose 
construction is nearing completion, becomes a part of the "western 
division." 

The Mississippi and Tennessee railroad connects Memphis on 
the south, down through the center of the States of Mississippi 
and Louisiana with New Orleans and with her contemplated con- 
nections via Grenada and Meridian with Mobile and Pensacola, and 
via Yazoo Valley and Vicksburg, a short line to New Orleans and 
Texas. 

The Memphis and Louisville railroad brings us in direct com- 
munication on the north with all the Ohio river and lake cities, as 
well as with the Atlantic ports on the east and California on the 
west. 

The Memphis and Selma railroad, crossing Mississippi and pen- 
etrating to Selma and gaining communication with all the interior 
and coast of Alabama, Georgia and eastern Florida, and uniting at 
Memphis with the projected Memphis and Kansas railroad. 

The Mississippi River railroad, direct line from Memphis to 
Cairo and Paducah, is now, under most favorable auspices, likely 
soon to be completed. 

The Memphis and St. Louis railroad also promises an early and 
vigoi*ous prosecution of present contract to completion. 

Other lines will soon be under way. Thus you discover some- 
what of the natural and artificial advantages of Memphis and the 
country surrounding it. 

COST OF TRANSPORTATION TO MEMPHIS. 

To reach Memphis, emigrants rates, about half that of a first 
class ticket, all rail, which latter from Chicago is about $20, and 
from New York or Boston $36 to $38. Excursion " special rates" 
may be obtained on all the lines leading from the Western, North- 



30 An Appeal from the 

ern and Eastern States to Memphis and other points, by communi- 
cating with "I. B. Yates, Esq., Agent of Southern railroads, No. 
229 Broadway, New York," or with 

Yours most respectfully, 

DONOHO, JOY & CO. 
Southern Real Estate and Emigration Agency, Memphis, Teun. 
Memphis, Tenn., July 1, 1870. 



SOUTHERN WHEAT. 

Millions of acres of land are on the market, and ranging in 
price for unimproved from one to five dollars, and improved at five 
to forty dollars per acre. They can be bought for cash much 
cheaper than on any other terms, but without difficulty one-fourth 
to one-half cash, and deferred payments with interest for balance, 
at from one to five years. And there can be no question in the 
policy of buying lands costing onby from five to forty dollars, 
yielding in crops fifty to one hundred dollars per acre each year. 
These lands will do so in cotton, or give you more and an earlier 
wheat, for which you can always obtain a quicker market and a 
higher price, as early " Southern wheat " for fancy " Southern new 
flour" in the Northern markets is ever in demand. 

IRISH POTATOES. 

The yield in " Irish potatoes " can be made, with proper culture, 
to reach from one hundred and fifty to two hundred bushels for 
the earliest crop, and these shipped to Cincinnati, Chicago and 
St. Louis, six weeks in advance of their seasons, at from seven to 
twelve dollars per barrel. The same ground again prepared and 
planted with your later crop of potatoes, and these afterward 
gathered and cellared for winter use, and the same ground again pre- 
pared and planted in turnips or rye, all in one season ! 

PEACHES AND BERRIES. 

Allthe berries, peaches and pears can be most successfully cultiva- 
ted here, and not only marketed by express trains to Northern cities 
at great profit, but they may be canned and preserved where they 
grow so cheaply and abundantly, and "drive out" of New Nork. 
Baltimore and Boston, the whole peach, pear and berry products 
of New York and New Jersey, both in quality and cheapness ! 

SWEET POTATOES. 

Sweet potatoes can be produced here at the rate of two hundred 
to five hundred bushels to the acre, and at a cost of thirty to forty 
cents per bushel, and sold in the fall and winter markets of Chicago, 
Buffalo, Albany, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, etc., 
at from ten cents per pound to ten dollars per bushel ! 



Southern to the Northern States. 31 

PEANUTS. 

Peanuts ma} 7- be grown even on the thinnest land, planted, culti- 
vated and " laid by " in ninety days, gathered at the rate of one 
hundred to two hundred bushels to the acre, dried, sacked and ship- 
ped to Northern or Western States from Maine to Oregon, with a 
ready market, at from four to six dollai'S per bushel ! One man 
can cultivate "his bread and hay," besides twenty acres or more 
in peanuts or potatoes. These lands may be obtained in any sized 
tracts, from eighty to one thousand acres, or in large bodies for 
colonies. 



COLONIES. 

COLONIES OF SETTLERS ADVICE TO THEM. 

And we would by all means advise the "colony plan" as the best, 
say ten, twenty, a hundred, or a thousand families combine to 
emigrate South ; let them select and send from their number a few 
good and reliable men to come down to inspect and locate, and then return 
and make their report of the place, quality, price, quantity, advan- 
tages &c, of the location, and if possible, to have arranged with 
some reliable agency in the South, all the details of closing convey- 
ances, correspondence, arranging transportation and general con- 
sultation, and such a colony is likely to secure a good location and 
to move advisedly in all the details of the enterprise, avoid false 
Bteps and "swindles." Let each family bring their household and 
kitchen furniture, agricultural implements, garden and field seeds, 
meat and flour enough to reach the first crop, stock hogs, fowls, 
sheep and milch cows, for, if you have them already or should 
have to buy them there, they will cost, even with freight added, 
much less than would have to be paid here for them. Let each 
sueh colony, if possible, bring their friends, neighbors, " kith and 
kin," teacher and preacher and a home-like feeling is at once 
established and this latter clause applies equally to 

COLONIES OF LABORERS WHO MAY PURPOSE COMING SOUTH. 

They may not be able to come first on an inspection of the 
advantages here ottered them and for their benefit we will endeavor 
to advise them of the kind and manner, prices, terms, &c, of labor 
and the cost, manner, and routes of reaching Memphis. 

ADVICE TO THEM. 

Five, ten, twenty, or more families should come together, as 
these, and many times a greater number, may be employed upon 
the same or adjoining plantations. Let none come unadvisedly and 
upon the bare representation of strangers or mere " Labor Brokers " 
or other agencies, caring neither for your comfort and interest, nor 
for that of the employer, for whom they profess to be engaging 



32 An Appeal from the 

your services, so they but make money out of it. Beware of all 
such traps, and go into this matter advisedly, and even then with 
all the care you can exercise, make up your minds to endure some 
privations, disappointments, and obstacles, unavoidable, in locating 
in a new and strange country, with the habits and customs of 
whose people and ideas and ways of doing farm and other work 
you are so little acquainted. 

Eeferring you now directly back in this volume to our remarks 

as to what class of laboring citizens the South desired and were 

laboring for, we beg to say that if you, dear reader, are one of that 

class, the door- way is open and clear to you, and here is the way 

' of getting here and finding employment. 

GENERAL DIRECTIONS. LABOR, ORDERS AND CONTRACTS FOR THE 

SOUTH. 

Advise how many families and laborers desire to come, and 
what employment is desired, and at what time you propose and 
can come. Arrangements will be made here with responsible 
planters, and who will be delighted to have their plantations filled 
with sensible, industrious and sober men, and among whose family 
and those of all his neighbors, the girls, unmarried women and 
boys may find kind homes and employment as cooks, washers 
and " help " gen erally, and at good wages. Planters who will 
through our firm agree to file their orders and authorize us to close 
the contracts for a specified number of laborers, minutely stating 
the location of the plantation, the county, State, and route of reach- 
ing same from Memphis, the character and amount of labor to be 
performed, the amount of wages and terms of payment, the living 
accommodations, and who will, if necessary, advance and deposit 
a sufficient amount of money to pay the transportation of the 
laborers and their families, from the Northern, Western or Eastern 
States, Canada, or Europe, (at emigrants' rates of fare). This ad- 
vance, as well as any others which may thereafter be advanced for 
subsistence or other necessaries, to be deducted from said laborers' 
wages or " share of crop," as may be the case. 

"Labor Contracts" on Southern plantations have necessarily to 
be made for one year, or from the beginning of the crop seasons to 
the end of that year, as it requires in planting, cultivating, gath- 
ering and marketing the crops, and therefore monthly engagements 
for farm labor are very difficult and unsatisfactory when made. 

WAGES FOR FARM HANDS. 

Good farm hands can obtain employment with and under the 
personal direction of practical planters, the first year two hundred 
dollars ($200) and board. This guarantees living expenses first 
year and affords the opportunity of acquiring a sufficient knowl- 
edge and experience in the cultivation and management of South- 
ern crops, to enable you the following year to either obtain higher 
wages or set upon your own account on rent or lease. 



Southern to the .Yorthern States, 33 



StJAliK OK Cliol- 



The " share of crop" system, we regard as the best for both 
planter and laborer. The planter furnishes the land, bouses to live 
in. teams and their subsistence, implements and seed, as capital; 
against the laborer's services in planting, cultivating, gathering and 
marketing the crops, attending the stock, chopping wood, fencing, 
etc.. and after deducting any and all advances of money or other 
means, beyond and above those stipulated "to be furnished" by the 
planter, as per contract, the remainder of the entire cropmade, or the 
proceeds thereof to be equally divided between the planter 

AND LABORER. 

The planter is quite willing, further, to loan the families of 
such laborers, milch cows sufficient for their home use, on the 
pledge of their good care and return in due season. They are also 
willing to advance all such families, a number of hogs and fowls. 
the proceeds of their issue to be equally divided, as arc the crops: 
thus giving a fine opportunity to poor families to acquire cheaply 
and readily a stock of hogs and fowls to begin for themselves. 

WHAT A FAMILY MAY DO. 

On this -share of crop " system an industrious family may 
i lear, by their own labor, from $300 to $1000 a year per full hand, 
and with this amount a good, snug home may be purchased and 
improved, and any balances due on its original purchase or the 
stocking of same, may be easily met out of the following crops. 
This can be done in the South more easily and certainly than in 
any section of the Union. Farm employment may be obtained 
this year ( L870), in consequence of the great scarcity of labor, in 
wages of $16 f < > $17 per month from about the first of September 
;i cotton picking, chopping, fencing, etc., until the first of Janu- 
ary, at which time new contracts are entered into forthe year, either 
at wages or on -shares." as may be mutually agreed. We would 
advise all who can to come at that period, and try the experiment, 
and they will be be better prepared to know for themselves, on the 
first of the new year, what and with whom are the best contracts 
to l>e made. 

• Wool) CHOPPERS." 

Wood choppers' wages from $1 per cord to $40 per month. 
Levee and railroad hands from $1 50 per day and " found" to $2 per 
day, and $40 per month and work winter ami summer. 

'MAN AND WIFE," "COOKS-," "WASHERS," BOYS 1 AND MECHANICS' 

WAGES. 
Man ami wife — the •man of all work" at gardening, chopping 
tire wood, making fires, feeding stock, driving teams, etc., and his 
wife to cool,, wash, iron. milk. etc. Wages, $325 to $350 per year 
for the two and their board. 

Girls and unmarried women as house " help," cooking, washing, 
ironing, chambermaids, seamstresses, nurses, etc.. at wages, accord - 
3 



DEC 19 1903 

34 An Appeal 

ing to proficiency, at from eight to fifteen dollars per month, and 
half grown boys at wages of from five to eight dollars per month. 
Carpenters, masons, smiths, etc., at wages of from two and-a-half 
to three and- a- half dollars per day. 'The belter plan for mechanics. 
however, is to combine a number of one trade under one £; boss-ship," 
and open shops here on their own account and independently of 
others, as the South yet aftords so few shops, comparatively, as to 
justify the expectation only to a very limited extend of -jour." or 
" job work'." 

COST OF REACHING MEMPHIS. 

To reach Memphis from any of the Northwestern Stales, we 
can arrange for emigrant transportation, adults from Chicago, all 
rail, to Memphis, for from ten and-a-half to twelve dollars. From 
New York city, via ••Southern route," to Memphis for aboui 
twenty dollars each adult. From Liverpool, England, via steam 
to America, and thence all rail to Memphis, tor about sixty do! 
lars in currency, and from Germany, Norway. Sweeden and Den- 
mark, for about seventy-five dollars in currency, and are prepared 
to issue foreign tickets by choice of several first class lines of 
steamers plying between Europe and America. 

Now, deai' reader, if we have failed herein to give such inform- 
ation about the •• wonderful resources and peculiar advantages" of 
the South, the present true sentiments of the people and their 
noble purposes and efforts for the future, their requirements and 
peculiarities, the inducements offered to capital, labor and enter- 
prise, the character, price and terms of Labor, etc.. etc. we beg to 
refer you to the "Catalogue of Southern Real Estate," hereunto 
appended, and invite your t'vev correspondence and personal inter 
views upon all matters touching the Southern, and more especially 
the city of Memphis and that magnificent country around and 
tributary to her commerce, to-wit: Tennessee, Arkansas. South 
Missouri, North and Central Mississippi, and North and Central 
Alabama, referring you. most respectfully, to the list of Nubstan- 
tial referees, accompanying this volume. We are. 

Yours. &C, 

DON OHO, JOY & CO., 

Memphis. Tenn. 



W. B. DON OHO. 



LEVI JOY. 



H. D. BULK LEY 



Jl/ '\¥' 2Hlt 'I*/ rH' U 'I 



®f 



City of Memphis and Southern 

Stilt CBsts 




AND — 



EMIQRATtOM AilMBV, 

N. W. Cor. Main & Madison Streets, 



Wm 



Sales, Purchases, Exchanges or Trades negotiated for 
all species of Real Estate South, City or Country, 
Improved or Unimproved; Cotton, Sugar or 
Tobacco Plantations ; Stock, Fruit, Market 
or Dairy Farms ; Town, School or Manu- 
facturing Sites; Mineral Property, 
Railroad Interests or large bodies 
of Land for Speculation or 
Colonization. 



We, the undersigned, take pleasure in recommending Messrs. Donoho, 
Joy & Co. as gentlemen of strictest integrity and business capacity, and en- 
titled to the most generous confidence and patronage. We earnestly desire, and 
augur for them the greatest success in their enterprise. 

JOHN W. LEPTWICH, Mayor of Memphis, Tenn. 

W. H. CHERRY, President Chamber of Commerce. 

M. J. WICKS, President Memphis and Charleston Railroad Company. 
V A. WOODRUFF, President Memphis and Ohio Railroad Company. 

F. M. WHITE, President Mississippi and Tennessee Railroad Company. 

R. C. BRINKLEY, President Memphis aed Little Rock Railroad Comp"any. 

F. S. DAVIS, President First National Bank. 

H. A. PARTEE, Cashier Merchants' National Bank. 

JAMES ELDER, President DeSoto Bank. 

I. B. KIRTLAND, President Jackson Insurance Company. 

J. J. MURPHY, President Memphis Bank. 
v W. C. McCLURE, Cashier Savings Bank of Memphis. 



INTERVIEWS AND CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 

SEND FOR CIRCULAR OR PAMPHLET. 



107 89 d| 






* • - ^ o* ft • " • * **© a* > . *■ ' • * ^ 6* , o • • 





















^•' ^o 



* ,0 ^ * 



>*.-'.*> 



«. ♦•••• <v 



v •*• 



1 ••Zflr* > 



U^ £»- W SMk. W /jflKv ^ 



v« 



*V 











■. '** « : ', 









r.ii^. % 









W"y<" 

^ ,o^ oil-* *b 

> ^ 



^ 



^ 



A <. 'o . » • ,0 V 



' ! iTTl a g * ^ '^tv?** a <r. * p . » * * .0* 

HECKMAN 1X1 * ^., # ^ 



HECKMAN i 
BINDERY INC. |= 

<0Sh, N0V 89 

(SB# N. MANCHESTER, 
^Sb^ INDIANA 46962 

- 






